What to Wear in the Arctic: Your Arctic Clothing Guide

Getting your Arctic clothing right isn't just about throwing on every warm layer you own. It's about building a versatile system that keeps you cozy, whether you're doing a tough hike across the tundra or standing still for hours to capture the perfect wildlife shot. You might be surprised to learn that Arctic expeditions don't mean enduring constant freezing temperatures.

Let's break down exactly what you'll need to stay warm, dry and comfortable in one of Earth's most remarkable environments.

Understanding Arctic weather and layering

The Arctic summer offers a completely different experience from what you might expect. During expedition season, temperatures typically range between -5°C and 10°C (23°F to 50°F). That's much warmer than winter, but don't let these temperatures fool you – the wind and moisture play a huge role in how cold you'll feel.

You've probably heard people say 'It's not the cold, it's the wind' – and they're absolutely right. Even a light 6 kph breeze can steal body heat eight times faster than still air. Add some ocean spray or rain into the mix, and you'll understand why proper Arctic weather clothing isn't just about thickness – it's about smart layering.

Speaking of layering, there's real science behind why it works so well. Each layer of clothing traps a thin pocket of air, and that air, when warmed by your body, becomes an excellent insulator. You'll want your layers to be light and loose rather than tight and restrictive. This creates those vital air pockets while letting you move freely during activities.

One material you won't want in your Arctic wear? Cotton. 

Once cotton gets wet (whether from rain, snow, or your own sweat), it loses its insulating properties and can actually make you colder. Instead, you'll want to focus on wool and synthetic materials that retain their warmth even when damp.

Essential base layers

Understanding base layer basics

Your base layer sits next to your skin and plays a key role in keeping you warm and dry. Think of it as your second skin – it needs to wick moisture away while providing that first level of warmth. 

When you're active during Arctic expeditions, you'll sweat even in cold temperatures. Without proper base layers, that sweat can cool against your skin and lead to a dangerous drop in body temperature.

Choosing the right materials

Merino wool stands out as a top choice for base layers in Arctic weather clothing. 

You'll love how soft it feels – nothing like the itchy wool sweaters you might remember. It's naturally odor-resistant (great for multi-day trips), and keeps its insulating properties even when damp. 

Plus, merino regulates temperature beautifully, keeping you warm in cold conditions and cool when you're active.

Synthetic materials like polypropylene or polyester blends make excellent alternatives. They're typically more affordable than merino and dry incredibly quickly. Many travellers opt for a mix of both – merino for longer trips and synthetics for active excursions.

Thermal underwear

You'll need both tops and bottoms. Look for sets that fit snugly but not tight – you don't want any cold spots where fabric bags or bunches. Pack at least two complete sets so you can alternate while one dries.

Base layer tops

Pack 3-4 long-sleeve base layer tops in varying weights:

• One lightweight for active excursions

• Two mid-weight for typical days

• One heavyweight for particularly cold conditions

Base layer bottoms

Two pairs of long underwear should suffice. Make sure they're long enough to tuck into your socks without riding up.

Liner socks

These thin socks wick moisture away from your feet. Pack 4-5 pairs minimum – cold, wet feet can ruin your day quickly.

Caring for your base layers

Here are some quick tips:

• Air out base layers whenever possible

• Avoid fabric softeners on technical clothing

• Pack a small bottle of sports-specific detergent

• Consider packable clothesline for in-cabin drying

Mid layers

The science of insulation

Your mid layers create the warm air pockets that keep you cozy during Arctic expeditions. This layer traps body heat while allowing moisture to move away from your base layers. 

The key? Versatility. You'll want options you can add or remove as conditions change.

Outer shell layers

The importance of weatherproofing

Your outer layer provides your shield against wind, rain, snow, and sea spray. This is where your Arctic expedition clothing gets serious about protection. A good outer layer keeps the elements out while allowing moisture to escape, preventing overheating during activities.

Expedition parkas

Many expedition companies provide a parka as part of your trip – it's worth checking what's included before you invest in one yourself. These specially designed expedition parkas usually feature:

Waterproof pants

Waterproof pants prove absolutely essential for Arctic wear and we provide anoraks for almost all tours. Still, it’s worth checking our packing list when booking a trip. Here’s what you’ll want to look for in the right pants:

Key pants features

• Fully waterproof construction (not just water-resistant)

• Adequate room for base and mid layers underneath

• Ankle zips for easy boot access

• Reinforced seats and knees for durability

• Adjustable waist for comfort

• Side zips for ventilation

• Built-in gaiters or snow cuffs

• Articulated knees for mobility

Shell layer care

Your outer layers need special attention:

• Regularly check seams and zippers for damage

• Reapply DWR (durable water repellent) coating as needed

• Clean according to manufacturer specifications

• Store unpacked between expeditions

• Repair small tears immediately to prevent spreading

Protecting your extremities

Hands

Cold hands can really dampen your enjoyment of Arctic activities, so don't skimp on hand protection. You'll want:

• Thin liner gloves (ideally with touchscreen compatibility)

• Waterproof outer gloves or mittens

• Spare pairs of both

Pro tip: Pack some disposable hand warmers. They're light, take up minimal space, and can be absolute lifesavers during long photography sessions on the expedition.

Feet

Your feet need serious protection in the Arctic. Most ships provide rubber boots for shore excursions, but you'll want:

• Comfortable shoes for onboard use

• Multiple pairs of thick socks

• Boot liners or insoles for extra warmth

Head and face

You lose loads of heat through your head, so good coverage is essential. Pack:

• A warm wool or fleece hat that covers your ears

• A neck gaiter or buff

• Sunglasses with good UV protection

• A balaclava for particularly windy days

Additional essential items

Beyond your core Arctic clothing, you'll need a few other items.

Swimming gear

You might find it surprising, but don't forget your swimsuit! Many locations have hot tubs and saunas – perfect for warming up after a chilly excursion. For the more adventurous traveller, many expeditions offer the opportunity to participate in a polar plunge – a ceremonial quick swim in Arctic waters that has become a time-honoured expedition tradition. It’s a great way to experience an Arctic holiday. 

Daypacks and bags

A small waterproof daypack proves invaluable for shore excursions and Zodiac cruises. You'll want something around 20-30 litres with:

• Waterproof construction or a good rain cover

• Comfortable shoulder straps

• Easy-access pockets for camera gear

• Space for extra layers

• External attachment points for tripods

• A bright colour for visibility

Sun protection

The Arctic sun reflects off snow and water, intensifying its effects. Pack:

• Sunscreen with at least SPF 50

• Lip balm with SPF protection

• Face moisturiser for wind protection

• A peaked cap for sunny days

• Zinc oxide for extra face protection

Eye protection

Your eyes need serious protection from both sun and wind. Bring:

• High-quality sunglasses that block 100% UV rays

• Polarised lenses to cut glare from snow and ice

• Goggle-style glasses for windy conditions

• A backup pair – you don't want to lose your only sunglasses!

• A sturdy case and cleaning cloth

Camera gear protection

If you're bringing photography equipment, add:

• Waterproof camera covers

• Lens cleaning supplies

• Extra memory cards

• Spare batteries

• A padded, waterproof camera bag

Personal comfort items

Don't forget small items that make a big difference:

• Hand sanitiser

• Lip balm without SPF for indoor use

• Travel tissues

• Basic first aid supplies

• Any personal medications

Practical tips and advice

Getting ready for your Arctic expedition doesn't need to be overwhelming. With some smart planning and the right approach, you'll be perfectly equipped for your adventure. Let's look at some practical ways to prepare your Arctic clothing and gear.

Packing strategies

Start your packing process at least a month before your expedition. Lay everything out and try on all your layers together – you'll want to make sure they fit comfortably without restricting movement. 

Pack your essential Arctic wear in your carry-on, including one complete set of base layers, your warm hat, and gloves. Use compression bags to save space, but don't compress your down items for too long. 

Roll your clothes instead of folding them, and stuff small items like socks inside your boots. Remember to leave some extra space in your luggage for souvenirs.

Where to purchase gear

You don't need to buy the most expensive gear to stay warm in the Arctic. Start at your local outdoor retailers where you can try things on and get expert advice about layering systems. 

Many outdoor stores offer end-of-season sales which can save you significant money on high-quality gear. Online retailers often provide detailed product descriptions and customer reviews, helping you make informed decisions. 

Consider shopping at REI, Cotswold Outdoor, or similar established outdoor retailers – they typically offer solid warranties and return policies if something doesn't work out.

If you are coming from a country where these stores are not well stocked, plan a shopping trip in Oslo or Iceland on the way to your tour. Both locations offer excellent selection – although they are not exactly cheap (but possibly cheaper than Australia) Longyearbyen has a great quality selection too.

Rental options

Renting gear makes perfect sense for items you might not use again, especially expensive pieces like expedition-weight parkas or insulated pants. 

Many outdoor stores offer rental services for winter gear, and some expedition companies partner with rental services. Check if your cruise operator provides any gear – many include expedition parkas and boots in your trip cost. 

For other items, look into services like OutdoorsGeek or local ski shops that rent winter gear. Just be sure to reserve well in advance and test everything before your departure date.

Final thoughts

Proper Arctic clothing makes all the difference between merely surviving and truly enjoying your expedition. While this might seem like a lot of gear, remember that you're preparing for one of the world's most remarkable environments.

Ready to put all this Arctic wear to good use? Join us on an unforgettable Arctic expedition where you'll explore this incredible region in comfort and style.

Remember – there's no such thing as bad weather, just inadequate clothing. With the right Arctic winter gear, you'll be perfectly equipped to make the most of every moment in this extraordinary part of our world.